Grapefruit Seed extract (GSE) contains mainly polyphenolic compounds, including quercetin, hesperidin, campherol glycoside, neohesperidin, naringin, apigenin, rutinoside, poncirin, etc. The polyphenols themselves are unstable but are chemically converted into more stable substances that belong to a diverse class of products called quaternary ammonium compounds. Some quaternary compounds, benzethonium chloride and benzalkonium chloride, for example, are used industrially as antimicrobials, but are toxic to animal life. The B vitamin choline is also a quaternary compound, but is non toxic and even essential for maintaining healthy neurological function and fat metabolism.

GSE features the best of both worlds : the quaternary compounds derived from grapefruit exhibit broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, while evidencing none of the toxic side effects of chemically derived quaternaries.

Contraindications: Do not take during pregnancy.